Review Article
Feline Herpesvirus: A Persistently Relevant Disease, from Infection to Clinical Management
Roberto Lombardi*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2025
Pages:
64-77
Received:
20 February 2025
Accepted:
3 March 2025
Published:
15 September 2025
Abstract: Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for feline viral rhinotracheitis, a highly contagious disease affecting cats worldwide. This virus primarily targets the upper respiratory tract and ocular tissues, leading to clinical signs such as sneezing, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and, in severe cases, corneal ulceration. FHV-1 is particularly problematic in young, immunocompromised, or stressed cats, and latent infections can result in recurrent clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis of FHV-1 involves initial viral replication in epithelial cells, followed by latency establishment in the trigeminal ganglia. Reactivation can occur due to stress, immunosuppression, or co-infections, leading to viral shedding and disease recurrence. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, supported by molecular techniques such as PCR, which detect viral DNA in ocular or respiratory secretions. Serological tests are less useful due to widespread exposure among the feline population. Management of FHV-1 includes supportive care, antiviral therapy, and immune modulation. Topical and systemic antivirals, such as famciclovir and cidofovir, have shown efficacy in reducing viral replication and alleviating clinical symptoms. Interferon therapy and other immunomodulatory treatments are under investigation to enhance antiviral responses. Lysine supplementation, previously recommended, has shown conflicting results in recent studies. Secondary bacterial infections are common and may require antibiotic therapy. Vaccination plays a crucial role in prevention, though it does not completely eliminate the risk of infection or reactivation. Stress management and maintaining optimal environmental conditions can help reduce recurrence. Ocular complications of FHV-1, including chronic conjunctivitis, symblepharon, corneal sequestrum, and stromal keratitis, pose significant challenges in feline ophthalmology. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, FHV-1 remains a significant concern in feline medicine. Understanding its pathogenesis, improving management strategies, and developing more effective preventive measures are essential for minimizing its impact on feline health.
Abstract: Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for feline viral rhinotracheitis, a highly contagious disease affecting cats worldwide. This virus primarily targets the upper respiratory tract and ocular tissues, leading to clinical signs such as sneezing, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and, in severe cases, corn...
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Research Article
Comparative Hematological Profiles of Women with and Without Uterine Leiomyomas: A Case-Control Study
Patricia Ejenawome Dele-Ochie,
Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire*,
Juliana Edusola Olaniyan,
Divine Amakhu Dele,
Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo,
Kelly Iria Esezobor,
Samson Efenarhua,
Osamwonyi Ernest Igbinovia,
Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena,
Caleb Akhere Aigbokhan,
Joshua Osamudiamen Eboselume,
Prasad Babu Dasari,
Sadeeq Abdulsalam,
Andre Julin – Paulidor Kamdem
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2025
Pages:
78-90
Received:
3 September 2025
Accepted:
12 September 2025
Published:
9 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajlm.20251004.12
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Abstract: Background: Uterine leiomyomas, the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age, are frequently associated with hematological changes due to abnormal uterine bleeding and related mechanisms. Data on how these changes vary with sociodemographic factors remain limited. Aim: This study assessed hematological profiles in women with leiomyomas compared with controls and examined variations by parity, marital status, age, and ethnicity. Methods: A comparative case-control study was conducted among women with leiomyomas and age-matched controls. Hematological indices were analyzed using standard hematology analyzers, and data were compared using statistical tests with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: Women with leiomyomas had significantly lower mean hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and eosinophils, while basophils and platelets were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Nulliparous women showed higher platelet counts than multiparous women. Single women had lower hemoglobin and higher platelets compared with married women. Women aged 41–45 years showed reduced monocyte levels. Ethnic differences were noted, with higher WBC in Isoko women, higher basophils in Ijaws, increased MCH in Igbos, and lower MCHC in Itsekiris. Conclusion: Leiomyomas are linked with anemia-related changes and elevated platelets, with variations across demographic factors. Routine hematological monitoring is essential for tailored management in affected women.
Abstract: Background: Uterine leiomyomas, the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age, are frequently associated with hematological changes due to abnormal uterine bleeding and related mechanisms. Data on how these changes vary with sociodemographic factors remain limited. Aim: This study assessed hematological profiles in women with leiomyoma...
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