Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

Sanae Sayagh; Fedoua Cherrafi; Mohammed Siboub; Ilias Tazi; Mustapha Ait Ameur; Mohamed Chakour

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

Sanae Sayagh, Fedoua Cherrafi, Mohammed Siboub, Ilias Tazi, Mustapha Ait Ameur, Mohamed Chakour

Published in American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 5 January 2021 Accepted: 4 January 2022 Published: 15 January 2022

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Abstract

Hemophagocytosis is a property of histiocytic lineage cells; it is rarely performed by leukemic blasts. This phenomenon happens in approximately 1% of acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and especially those of monoblastic or monocytic lineage. Associations have been found with some chromosomal abnormalities, especially t(8;16). The presence of blast hemophagocytosis may speed-up the diagnosis of some of these cytogenetic abnormalities. We aim to report a case of peripheral blood blast erythrophagocytosis after chemotherapy for the treatment of acute monoblastic leukemia. It is about 29 years old male treated for acute monoblastic leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities at the onset, with two relapses for the first and second induction cures. Peripheral blood smear performed during the follow up showed 73% of blasts, 3.6% of them with erythrophagocytosis. Several genetic abnormalities are known to be associated to leukemic cell hemophagocytosis, involving particularly the chromosome 8 and explaining a part of the leukemogenesis. These abnormalities are rare and associated to a poor prognosis. The mechanism behind this blast behavior is still unclear and authors suggest some hypothesis to explain this phenomenon: the presence of binding receptors involved in phagocytosis on blasts, karyotype instability and evolution during the course of the disease and the involvement of treatment toxicity.

Published in	American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
Page(s)	1-5
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Blast Erythrophagocytosis, Blast Hemophagocytosis, Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

References

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[3]	Imashuku S, Hibi S, Sako M, Lin YW, Ikuta K, Nakata Y, Mori T, Lizuka S, Horibe K, Tsunematsu Y. Hemophagocytosis by Leukemic Blasts in 7 Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cases with t(16;21) (p11;q22): Common Morphologic Characteristics for This Type of Leukemia. Cancer 2000; 88: 1970–5.
[4]	Bertheas MF, Jaubert J, Vasselon C, Reynaud J, Pomier G, Le Petit JC, Hagemeijer A, Brirard CP. A Complex t (3; 8; 17) Involving Breakpoint 8pll in a Case of M5 Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia with Erythrophagocytosis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 42: 67–73.
[5]	Blieden C, Fan Y, Chapman JR, Vega F. De novo acute myeloid leukemia with monocytoid blasts and erythrophagocytosis. Clinical Case Reports 2014; 2 (6): 333-5.
[6]	Yeh SP, Wang YC, Su JL, Hsueh EJ, Yu MS, Wu H. Near tetraploid minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia with extensive erythrophagocytosis by leukemia blasts. Ann Hematol 2000; 79: 36-9.
[7]	Lai JL, Zandecki M, Jouet JP, Savary JB, Lambiliotte A, Bauters F, et al. Three cases of translocation (8;16) (p11;q13) observed in acute myelomonocytic leukemia: a new specific subgroup? Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1987; 27: 101–9.
[8]	Heim S, Avanzi GC, Billstrom R, Kristoffersson U, Mandahl N, Bekassy AN, et al. A new specific chromosomal rearrangement t(8;16) (p11;p13) in acute monocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1987; 66: 323– 6.
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[11]	Lai JL, Estienne MH, Fenaux P, Lepelley P, Huart J, Bauters F, Deminatti M. Translocation t(10;17) (p13;q12) in Two Cases of Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia with Phagocytic Activity of Blasts A New Cytogenetic Entity? Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 39: 45–53.
[12]	Harrison A, Chandra D, Kakkar N, Das S, Joseph John M. Hemophagocytosis by Leukemic Blasts in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Unusual Finding. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 1Suppl: 23–5.
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[14]	Shikami M, Miwa H, Nishii K, Takahashi T, Shiku H, Tsutani H, Oka K, Hamaguchi H, Kyo T, Tanaka K, Kamada N, Kita K. Myeloid differentiation antigen and cytokine receptor expression on acute myelocytic leukaemia cells with t(16;21) (p11;q22): frequent expression of CD56 and interleukin-2 receptor a chain. British Journal of Haematology 1999; 105: 711–9.
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APA Style

Sanae Sayagh, Fedoua Cherrafi, Mohammed Siboub, Ilias Tazi, Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. (2022). Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 7(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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ACS Style

Sanae Sayagh; Fedoua Cherrafi; Mohammed Siboub; Ilias Tazi; Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2022, 7(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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AMA Style

Sanae Sayagh, Fedoua Cherrafi, Mohammed Siboub, Ilias Tazi, Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. Am J Lab Med. 2022;7(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11,
  author = {Sanae Sayagh and Fedoua Cherrafi and Mohammed Siboub and Ilias Tazi and Mustapha Ait Ameur and Mohamed Chakour},
  title = {Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  abstract = {Hemophagocytosis is a property of histiocytic lineage cells; it is rarely performed by leukemic blasts. This phenomenon happens in approximately 1% of acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and especially those of monoblastic or monocytic lineage. Associations have been found with some chromosomal abnormalities, especially t(8;16). The presence of blast hemophagocytosis may speed-up the diagnosis of some of these cytogenetic abnormalities. We aim to report a case of peripheral blood blast erythrophagocytosis after chemotherapy for the treatment of acute monoblastic leukemia. It is about 29 years old male treated for acute monoblastic leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities at the onset, with two relapses for the first and second induction cures. Peripheral blood smear performed during the follow up showed 73% of blasts, 3.6% of them with erythrophagocytosis. Several genetic abnormalities are known to be associated to leukemic cell hemophagocytosis, involving particularly the chromosome 8 and explaining a part of the leukemogenesis. These abnormalities are rare and associated to a poor prognosis. The mechanism behind this blast behavior is still unclear and authors suggest some hypothesis to explain this phenomenon: the presence of binding receptors involved in phagocytosis on blasts, karyotype instability and evolution during the course of the disease and the involvement of treatment toxicity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia
AU  - Sanae Sayagh
AU  - Fedoua Cherrafi
AU  - Mohammed Siboub
AU  - Ilias Tazi
AU  - Mustapha Ait Ameur
AU  - Mohamed Chakour
Y1  - 2022/01/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
T2  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-386X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
AB  - Hemophagocytosis is a property of histiocytic lineage cells; it is rarely performed by leukemic blasts. This phenomenon happens in approximately 1% of acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and especially those of monoblastic or monocytic lineage. Associations have been found with some chromosomal abnormalities, especially t(8;16). The presence of blast hemophagocytosis may speed-up the diagnosis of some of these cytogenetic abnormalities. We aim to report a case of peripheral blood blast erythrophagocytosis after chemotherapy for the treatment of acute monoblastic leukemia. It is about 29 years old male treated for acute monoblastic leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities at the onset, with two relapses for the first and second induction cures. Peripheral blood smear performed during the follow up showed 73% of blasts, 3.6% of them with erythrophagocytosis. Several genetic abnormalities are known to be associated to leukemic cell hemophagocytosis, involving particularly the chromosome 8 and explaining a part of the leukemogenesis. These abnormalities are rare and associated to a poor prognosis. The mechanism behind this blast behavior is still unclear and authors suggest some hypothesis to explain this phenomenon: the presence of binding receptors involved in phagocytosis on blasts, karyotype instability and evolution during the course of the disease and the involvement of treatment toxicity.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Sanae Sayagh

Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco
Fedoua Cherrafi

Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco
Mohammed Siboub

Onco-hematology Department, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco
Ilias Tazi

Onco-hematology Department, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco
Mustapha Ait Ameur

Hematology Laboratory, Military Hospital of Instruction Avicenne, Marrakesh, Morocco
Mohamed Chakour

Hematology Laboratory, Military Hospital of Instruction Avicenne, Marrakesh, Morocco

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APA Style

Sanae Sayagh, Fedoua Cherrafi, Mohammed Siboub, Ilias Tazi, Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. (2022). Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 7(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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ACS Style

Sanae Sayagh; Fedoua Cherrafi; Mohammed Siboub; Ilias Tazi; Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2022, 7(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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AMA Style

Sanae Sayagh, Fedoua Cherrafi, Mohammed Siboub, Ilias Tazi, Mustapha Ait Ameur, et al. Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia. Am J Lab Med. 2022;7(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11,
  author = {Sanae Sayagh and Fedoua Cherrafi and Mohammed Siboub and Ilias Tazi and Mustapha Ait Ameur and Mohamed Chakour},
  title = {Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20220701.11},
  abstract = {Hemophagocytosis is a property of histiocytic lineage cells; it is rarely performed by leukemic blasts. This phenomenon happens in approximately 1% of acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and especially those of monoblastic or monocytic lineage. Associations have been found with some chromosomal abnormalities, especially t(8;16). The presence of blast hemophagocytosis may speed-up the diagnosis of some of these cytogenetic abnormalities. We aim to report a case of peripheral blood blast erythrophagocytosis after chemotherapy for the treatment of acute monoblastic leukemia. It is about 29 years old male treated for acute monoblastic leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities at the onset, with two relapses for the first and second induction cures. Peripheral blood smear performed during the follow up showed 73% of blasts, 3.6% of them with erythrophagocytosis. Several genetic abnormalities are known to be associated to leukemic cell hemophagocytosis, involving particularly the chromosome 8 and explaining a part of the leukemogenesis. These abnormalities are rare and associated to a poor prognosis. The mechanism behind this blast behavior is still unclear and authors suggest some hypothesis to explain this phenomenon: the presence of binding receptors involved in phagocytosis on blasts, karyotype instability and evolution during the course of the disease and the involvement of treatment toxicity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peripheral Blood Blast Erythrophagocytosis After Chemotherapy in a Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia
AU  - Sanae Sayagh
AU  - Fedoua Cherrafi
AU  - Mohammed Siboub
AU  - Ilias Tazi
AU  - Mustapha Ait Ameur
AU  - Mohamed Chakour
Y1  - 2022/01/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
T2  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-386X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20220701.11
AB  - Hemophagocytosis is a property of histiocytic lineage cells; it is rarely performed by leukemic blasts. This phenomenon happens in approximately 1% of acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and especially those of monoblastic or monocytic lineage. Associations have been found with some chromosomal abnormalities, especially t(8;16). The presence of blast hemophagocytosis may speed-up the diagnosis of some of these cytogenetic abnormalities. We aim to report a case of peripheral blood blast erythrophagocytosis after chemotherapy for the treatment of acute monoblastic leukemia. It is about 29 years old male treated for acute monoblastic leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities at the onset, with two relapses for the first and second induction cures. Peripheral blood smear performed during the follow up showed 73% of blasts, 3.6% of them with erythrophagocytosis. Several genetic abnormalities are known to be associated to leukemic cell hemophagocytosis, involving particularly the chromosome 8 and explaining a part of the leukemogenesis. These abnormalities are rare and associated to a poor prognosis. The mechanism behind this blast behavior is still unclear and authors suggest some hypothesis to explain this phenomenon: the presence of binding receptors involved in phagocytosis on blasts, karyotype instability and evolution during the course of the disease and the involvement of treatment toxicity.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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